If you have been charged with an adult criminal offense, there are different ways to overturn the case or remove it from your record. Generally speaking, you will be considering: expunction, non-disclosure, habeas corpus, pardon, and direct appeal.
DIRECT APPEAL
A direct appeal usually follows from a jury trial. A direct appeal is a way to say that the judge made a legal error during a prosecution. A legal error might be incorrectly admitting evidence that the jury could consider; excluding evidence that the jury should have considered; allowing hearsay into testimony or not properly writing the jury charge.
A direct appeal typically requires a court reporter recording the trial proceedings.
EXPUNCTION
Expunction refers to dismissed cases. If your case was dismissed for lack of evidence or after the completion of a pretrial diversion, you may be eligible for expunction. Expunction will allow you to deny the arrest ever occurred and results in destroying of the records of the case.
Expunction also applies to completed deferred adjudications for Class C misdemeanors.
NON-DISCLOSURE
Non-disclosure usually applies to completed deferred adjudication probations on Class A and Class B misdemeanors along with felonies. Non-disclosure is not as strong as expunction but still useful. Criminal records that are non-disclosed are available for viewing for some entities with a public interest.
However, if your record is non-disclosed, you can deny the arrest on a job or housing application in most instances.
In one of the biggest changes to criminal law in the last few years, non-disclosure now applies to some misdemeanor jail sentences and regular probations. Thus, if you were charged with a misdemeanor after September 1, 2015, and received a jail sentence or regular “straight”probation, you might be able to non-disclose your case.
Unfortunately, jail sentences, “credit for time served” sentences, and straight probation sentences for arrests before September 1, 2015, are not eligible for nondisclosure.
PARDON
If you are not eligible for expunction, appeal or nondisclosure, you can consider habeas corpus or pardon.
A pardon is a rare act by the Governor of Texas that overturns your conviction. Very few pardons are granted every year and most of them are for older misdemeanors by one-time offenders.
Most people choose to apply for a pardon without an attorney. There is information on Texas pardons here: http://www.tdcj.state.tx.us/bpp/exec_clem/exec_clem.html
HABEAS CORPUS
Habeas corpus is a way to overturn a probation or conviction when you are not eligible for expunction or non-disclosure. Habeas corpus concerns the violation of a constitutional right. A typical application of habeas corpus concerns ineffective assistance of counsel. If your trial or plea lawyer did not properly investigate your case or advise you, habeas corpus might be an option.
I typically handle expunctions and non-disclosures in Harris County and sometimes surrounding counties. For direct appeal and habeas corpus, I focus on Harris County but can help on cases throughout the state.